Asexual & Sexual Reproduction
1. Reproduction in which a single parent produces offspring without the fusion of gametes is called:
(A) Sexual reproduction
(B) Asexual reproduction
(C) Fertilization
(D) Cross-pollination
Answer: (B) Asexual reproduction
Explanation: Asexual reproduction involves a single parent and generally produces genetically similar offspring.
2. Which of the following is an example of asexual reproduction?
(A) Fertilization in humans
(B) Binary fission in Amoeba
(C) Fusion of sperm and ovum
(D) Pollination in flowering plants
Answer: (B) Binary fission in Amoeba
3. In binary fission, one parent organism:
(A) Produces two daughter organisms
(B) Produces four gametes
(C) Produces seeds
(D) Requires another parent
Answer: (A) Produces two daughter organisms
4. Budding is commonly observed in:
(A) Hydra
(B) Human
(C) Frog
(D) Earthworm
Answer: (A) Hydra
5. Which organism commonly reproduces through fragmentation?
(A) Spirogyra
(B) Human
(C) Hydra
(D) Amoeba
Answer: (A) Spirogyra
6. Vegetative propagation is a form of:
(A) Sexual reproduction
(B) Asexual reproduction
(C) Fertilization
(D) Meiosis only
Answer: (B) Asexual reproduction
7. Which of the following is an example of vegetative propagation?
(A) Potato reproducing through tubers
(B) Human reproduction
(C) Fusion of gametes
(D) Formation of sperm
Answer: (A) Potato reproducing through tubers
8. The major advantage of sexual reproduction is that it:
(A) Produces genetically identical offspring
(B) Produces genetic variation
(C) Requires only one parent
(D) Does not involve gametes
Answer: (B) Produces genetic variation
9. The fusion of male and female gametes is called:
(A) Pollination
(B) Fertilization
(C) Germination
(D) Budding
Answer: (B) Fertilization
10. The cell formed immediately after fertilization is called:
(A) Embryo
(B) Zygote
(C) Gamete
(D) Foetus
Answer: (B) Zygote
Human Reproductive System
11. The male reproductive organ that produces sperm is the:
(A) Prostate gland
(B) Testis
(C) Penis
(D) Vas deferens
Answer: (B) Testis
12. The female reproductive organ that produces ova is the:
(A) Uterus
(B) Ovary
(C) Vagina
(D) Fallopian tube
Answer: (B) Ovary
13. Sperm are produced in the:
(A) Epididymis
(B) Seminiferous tubules of testes
(C) Vas deferens
(D) Prostate gland
Answer: (B) Seminiferous tubules of testes
14. Which structure carries sperm from the epididymis toward the urethra?
(A) Vas deferens
(B) Ureter
(C) Fallopian tube
(D) Oviduct
Answer: (A) Vas deferens
15. Which gland contributes fluid to semen and is located below the urinary bladder?
(A) Thyroid gland
(B) Prostate gland
(C) Pituitary gland
(D) Adrenal gland
Answer: (B) Prostate gland
16. The usual site of fertilization in humans is the:
(A) Uterus
(B) Ovary
(C) Fallopian tube
(D) Vagina
Answer: (C) Fallopian tube
17. The embryo normally implants in the:
(A) Ovary
(B) Uterine lining
(C) Fallopian tube
(D) Vagina
Answer: (B) Uterine lining
18. Which organ provides the site where the fetus develops during pregnancy?
(A) Ovary
(B) Uterus
(C) Fallopian tube
(D) Cervix only
Answer: (B) Uterus
19. Which hormone is primarily associated with the development of male secondary sexual characteristics?
(A) Estrogen
(B) Testosterone
(C) Progesterone
(D) Insulin
Answer: (B) Testosterone
20. Which hormone is mainly associated with female reproductive functions and secondary sexual characteristics?
(A) Testosterone
(B) Estrogen
(C) Adrenaline
(D) Thyroxine
Answer: (B) Estrogen
21. Progesterone plays an important role in:
(A) Maintaining the uterine lining during pregnancy
(B) Producing red blood cells
(C) Digesting proteins
(D) Controlling blood glucose
Answer: (A) Maintaining the uterine lining during pregnancy
22. The release of an egg from an ovary is called:
(A) Fertilization
(B) Ovulation
(C) Implantation
(D) Menstruation
Answer: (B) Ovulation
23. Which hormone triggers ovulation?
(A) LH
(B) Insulin
(C) Thyroxine
(D) Adrenaline
Answer: (A) LH
Explanation: A surge in luteinizing hormone (LH) triggers ovulation.
24. The placenta primarily functions to:
(A) Produce sperm
(B) Exchange nutrients, gases and wastes between mother and fetus
(C) Store urine
(D) Digest food for the fetus
Answer: (B) Exchange nutrients, gases and wastes between mother and fetus
25. Which of the following correctly describes human sexual reproduction?
(A) It involves only one parent
(B) It involves fusion of male and female gametes
(C) It produces genetically identical offspring in every case
(D) It occurs without cell division
Answer: (B) It involves fusion of male and female gametes
Must-Memorize Reproduction
| Topic | Key Fact |
|---|---|
| Asexual reproduction | One parent; no gamete fusion |
| Binary fission | Amoeba |
| Budding | Hydra |
| Fragmentation | Spirogyra |
| Vegetative propagation | Potato, sugarcane, etc. |
| Sexual reproduction | Fusion of male & female gametes |
| Fertilization | Fusion of sperm and ovum |
| Zygote | First cell formed after fertilization |
| Sperm production | Testes |
| Ovum production | Ovaries |
| Sperm-producing structures | Seminiferous tubules |
| Sperm transport | Vas deferens |
| Fertilization site | Fallopian tube |
| Implantation | Uterine lining |
| Fetal development | Uterus |
| Egg release | Ovulation |
| Ovulation trigger | LH surge |
| Male sex hormone | Testosterone |
| Major female sex hormone | Estrogen |
| Pregnancy support | Progesterone |
| Placenta | Nutrient/gas/waste exchange |
| Genetic variation | Major advantage of sexual reproduction |
Application-Based Questions to Remember
Amoeba → Binary fission
Hydra → Budding
Spirogyra → Fragmentation
Potato → Vegetative propagation
Fusion of gametes → Fertilization
Fertilization → Zygote formation
Sperm → Testes
Ovum → Ovary
Sperm transport → Vas deferens
Fertilization → Fallopian tube
Embryo implantation → Uterus
Egg release → Ovulation
Ovulation → LH surge
Male secondary characteristics → Testosterone
Female reproductive functions → Estrogen
Maintaining uterine lining → Progesterone
Mother–fetus exchange → Placenta